translation_id: net-engnet

book_id: PSA

label: NET translator note

text: Heb “and the judgments of his mouth.”


text: Or “offspring”; Heb “seed.”


label: NET textual note

text: Some mss have “Israel,” which appears in the parallel version of this psalm in 1 Chr 16:13 .


text: Heb “his”; the referent (God) has been specified in the translation for clarity.


text: Heb “sons.”


text: Heb “in all the earth [are] his judgments.”


text: Heb “[the] word he commanded.” The text refers here to God’s unconditional covenantal promise to Abraham and the patriarchs, as vv. 10-12 make clear.


text: Heb “which.”


text: Or “eternal covenant.”


text: Heb “and from a kingdom to another nation.”


text: The word “saying” is supplied in the translation for clarification and for stylistic reasons.


text: Heb “anointed.”


text: Heb “and every staff of food he broke.” The psalmist refers to the famine that occurred in Joseph’s time (see v. 17 and Gen 41:53-57 ).


text: After the reference to the famine in v. 16 , v. 17 flashes back to events that preceded the famine (see ).


text: Heb “they afflicted his feet with shackles.”


text: Heb “his neck came [into] iron.” The Hebrew term נֶפֶשׁ ( nefesh ) with the suffix could mean simply “he” or “his life.” But the nuance “neck” makes good sense here (note the reference to his “feet” in the preceding line). See L. C. Allen, Psalms 101-150 (WBC), 38.


text: Heb “word,” probably referring to Joseph’s prediction about the fate of Pharaoh’s cupbearer and baker (see Gen 41:9-14 ).


text: This line may refer to Joseph’s prediction of the famine in response to Pharaoh’s dream. Joseph emphasized to Pharaoh that the interpretation of the dream came from God (see Gen 41:16, 25, 28, 32, 39 ).


text: Heb “refined him.”


text: Heb “[the] king sent and set him free.”


text: Heb “he made him master of his house.”


text: Heb “to bind his officials by his will.”


text: Heb “and his elders he taught wisdom.”


text: Heb “entered.”


text: Heb “lived as a resident alien.”


text: Heb “and he”; the referent (the Lord ) has been specified in the translation for clarity.


text: Heb “him,” referring to “his people.”


text: Heb “his,” referring to “his people.”


text: Heb “their heart.”


text: Or “to deal deceptively.” The Hitpael of נָכַל ( nakhal ) occurs only here and in Gen 37:18 , where it is used of Joseph’s brothers “plotting” to kill him.


text: Apparently the pronoun refers to “his servants” (i.e., the Israelites, see v. 25 ).


text: Heb “he sent darkness and made it dark.” sn He made it dark . The psalmist begins with the ninth plague (see Exod 10:21-29 ).


text: Heb “they did not rebel against his words.” Apparently this refers to Moses and Aaron, who obediently carried out God’s orders.


text: Heb “he spoke and flies came.”


text: Heb “he gave their rains hail.”


text: Heb “fire of flames [was] in their land.”


text: Heb “he spoke and locusts came.”


text: Heb “the fruit of their ground.”


text: Heb “the beginning of all their strength,” that is, reproductive power (see Ps 78:51 ). sn Verses 28-36 recall the plagues in a different order than the one presented in Exodus: v. 28 (plague 9), v. 29 (plague 1), v. 30 (plague 2), v. 31 a (plague 4), v. 31 b (plague 3), vv. 32-33 (plague 7), vv. 34-35 (plague 8), v. 36 (plague 10). No reference is made in to plagues 5 and 6.


text: Heb “them”; the referent (the Lord ’s people) has been supplied in the translation for clarity.


text: The word “enriched” is supplied in the translation for clarification and for stylistic reasons.


text: Heb “for fear of them had fallen upon them.”


text: Or “curtain.”


text: Heb “he [i.e., his people] asked.” The singular form should probably be emended to a plural שָׁאֲלוּ ( sha ’ alu , “they asked”), the vav ( ו ) having fallen off by haplography (note the vav at the beginning of the following form).


text: Or “bread of heaven.” The reference is to manna (see Exod 16:4, 13-15 ).


text: Or “for.”


text: Heb “his holy word.”


text: Heb “and he led his people out with joy, with a ringing cry, his chosen ones.”


text: Heb “and the [product of the] work of peoples they possessed.”


text: Heb “guard.”