translation_id: net-engnet

book_id: HAG

label: NET translator note

text: Heb “In the seventh [month], on the twenty-first day of the month.” sn The seventh month was the month Tishri, according to the modern (Julian) calendar October 17, 520 b.c . The twenty-first day of Tishri marked the seventh day of the Feast of Tabernacles ( Num 29:32-34 ). It also coincided with the date 440 years earlier (960 b.c. ) when Solomon finished building his temple ( 1 Kgs 6:38; 8:2 ).


label: NET textual note

text: Heb “the word of the Lord came by the hand of Haggai the prophet, saying.” The MT has בְּיַד ( bÿyad , “by the hand of” = “through” [so NAB, NIV, NLT] as in 1:1, 3 ); the Murabba’at Dead Sea text reads אֶל (’ el , “to”), perhaps because the following command is given to the prophet.


text: Heb “say to”; NAB “Tell this to.”


text: Many English versions have “Joshua (the) son of Jehozadak the high priest,” but this is subject to misunderstanding. See the note on the name “Jehozadak” at the end of v. 1 .


text: Heb “this house in its earlier splendor”; NAB, NIV, NRSV “in its former glory.” sn Solomon’s temple was demolished in 586 b.c. , 66 years prior to Haggai’s time. There surely would have been some older people who remembered the former splendor of that magnificent structure and who lamented the contrast to the small, unimpressive temple they were building (see Ezra 3:8-13 ).


text: Heb “and take heart.” Although emphatic, the repetition of the verb is redundant in contemporary English style and has been left untranslated.


text: The MT of v. 5 reads “with the word which I cut with you when you went out from Egypt and my spirit [which] stands in your midst, do not fear.” BHS proposes emending “with the word” to זֹאת הַבְּרִית ( zo ’ t habbÿrit , “this is the covenant”) at the beginning of the verse. The proposed emendation makes excellent sense and is expected with the verb כָּרַת ( karat , “cut” or “make” a covenant), but it has no textual support. Most English versions (including the present translation) therefore follow the MT here.


text: The difficult MT reading עוֹד אַחַת מְעַט הִיא (’ od ’ akhat mÿ ’ at hi ’, “yet once, it is little”; cf. NAB “One moment yet, a little while”) appears as “yet once” in the LXX, omitting the last two Hebrew words. However, the point being made is that the anticipated action is imminent; thus the repetition provides emphasis.


text: Or “the heavens.” The same Hebrew word, שָׁמַיִם ( shamayim ), may be translated “sky” or “heavens” depending on the context. Although many English versions translate the term as “heavens” here, the other three elements present in this context (earth, sea, dry ground) suggest “sky” is in view.


text: Heb “all the nations.”


text: Though the subject here is singular ( חֶמְדַּה , khemdah ; “desire”), the preceding plural predicate mandates a collective subject, “desired (things)” or, better, an emendation to a plural form, חֲמֻדֹת ( khamudot , “desirable [things],” hence “treasures”). Cf. ASV “the precious things”; NASB “the wealth”; NRSV “the treasure.” In the OT context this has no direct reference to the coming of the Messiah.


text: Heb “greater will be the latter splendor of this house than the former”; NAB “greater will be the future glory.”


text: In the Hebrew text there is an implicit play on words in the clause “in this place [i.e., Jerusalem] I will give peace”: in יְרוּשָׁלַיִם ( yÿrushalayim ) there will be שָׁלוֹם ( shalom ).


text: Heb “the word of the Lord came to Haggai the prophet, saying.” This Hebrew expression is slightly different from the one in 1:1, 3; 2:1 .


text: Heb “Ask the priests a torah, saying”; KJV “concerning the law”; NAB “for a decision”; NCV “for a teaching”; NRSV “for a ruling.”


text: Heb “unclean of a person,” a euphemism for “unclean because of a dead person”; see Lev 21:11 ; Num 6:6 . Cf. NAB “unclean from contact with a corpse.”


text: Heb “so this people, and so this nation before me.” In this context “people” and “nation” refer to the same set of individuals; the repetition is emphatic. Cf. CEV “this entire nation.”


text: Heb “and now set your heart from this day and upward.” The juxtaposition of מָעְלָה ( ma ’ lah , “upward”) with the following מִטֶּרֶם ( mitterem , “before”) demands a look to the past. Cf. ASV “consider from this day and backward.”


text: Heb “from their being,” idiomatic for “from the time they were then,” or “since the time.” Cf. KJV “Since those days were.”


text: Heb “you, all the work of your hands”; NRSV “you and all the products of your toil”; NIV “all the work of your hands.”


text: Heb “and there was not with you.” The context favors the idea that the harvests were so poor that the people took care of only themselves, leaving no offering for the Lord . Cf. KJV and many English versions “yet ye turned not to me,” understanding the phrase to refer to the people’s repentance rather than their failure to bring offerings.


text: Heb “set your heart.” A similar expression occurs in v. 15 .


text: Heb “set your heart.” A similar expression occurs in v. 15 and at the beginning of this verse.


text: Heb “and the word of the Lord came a second time to Haggai.” This Hebrew expression is like the one in 2:10 and is slightly different from the one in 1:1, 3; 2:1 .


text: The participle here suggests an imminent undertaking of action (cf. NRSV, TEV, NLT “I am about to”). The overall language of the passage is eschatological, but eschatology finds its roots in the present.


text: See the note on the word “sky” in 2:6 . Most English translations render the Hebrew term as “heavens” here.


text: Heb “the kingdoms of the nations.” Cf. KJV “the kingdoms of the heathen”; NIV, NLT “foreign kingdoms.”


text: Heb “and horses and their riders will go down, a man with a sword his brother”; KJV “every one by the sword of his brother.”


text: The repetition of the formula “says the Lord who rules over all” in v. 23 emphasizes the solemn and divine nature of the promise.