translation_id: net-engnet

book_id: ISA

label: NET translator note

text: Heb “anointed” (so KJV, NAB, NIV, NRSV, NLT); NCV “his appointed king.”


text: Heb “and the belts of kings I will loosen”; NRSV “strip kings of their robes”; NIV “strip kings of their armor.”


label: NET textual note

text: The form הֲדוּרִים ( hadurim ) makes little, if any, sense here. It is probably a corruption of an original הָרָרִים ( hararim , “mountains”), the reduplicated form of הָר ( har , “mountain”).


text: That is, on the gates. Cf. CEV “break the iron bars on bronze gates.”


text: Heb “treasures of darkness” (KJV, NASB, NIV, NRSV); TEV “treasures from dark, secret places.”


text: Or “know” (NCV, NRSV, TEV, NLT); NIV “acknowledge.”


text: Heb “and there is none besides.” On the use of עוֹד (’ od ) here, see BDB 729 s.v. 1 .c.


text: Heb “gird you” (so NASB) or “strengthen you” (so NIV).


text: Or “know” (NAB, NCV, NRSV, TEV, CEV, NLT); NIV “have not acknowledged.”


text: The words “I do this” are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.


text: Heb “they” (so KJV, ASV); TEV, CEV “everyone”; NLT “all the world.”


text: The words “I am” are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons. In the Hebrew text the participle at the beginning of v. 7 stands in apposition to “the Lord” in v. 6 .


text: On the surface v. 7 a appears to describe God’s sovereign control over the cycle of day and night, but the following statement suggests that “light” and “darkness” symbolize “deliverance” and “judgment.”


text: Heb “let the clouds drip with”; KJV “let the skies pour down.”


text: Heb “open up” (so NASB); NIV, NLT “open wide.”


text: The plural verb should be emended to a singular form. The vav ( ו ) ending is probably virtually dittographic (note the yod at the beginning of the following word).


text: The Hiphil verb form ( תַצְמִיחַ , tatsmiakh ) should probably be emended to a Qal ( תִצְמַח , titsmakh ). The יח sequence at the end of the form is probably due to dittography (note the following יַחַד , yakhad ).


text: The masculine singular pronominal suffix probably refers back to יָשַׁע ( yasha ’, “salvation”).


text: Heb “Woe [to] the one who argues with the one who formed him.”


text: The words “one who is like a mere” are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons and clarification.


text: Heb “Should the clay say to the one who forms it?” The rhetorical question anticipates a reply, “Of course not!”


text: The words “in the world” are supplied in the translation to approximate in English idiom the force of the sarcastic question.


text: Heb “your work, there are no hands for it,” i.e., “your work looks like something made by a person who has no hands.”


text: Heb “Woe [to] one who says” (NASB and NIV both similar); NCV “How terrible it will be.”


text: See the note at v. 9 . This phrase occurs a second time later in this verse.


text: The Hebrew text reads “the one who formed him, the coming things.” Among various suggestions, some have proposed an emendation of יֹצְרוֹ ( yotsÿro , “the one who formed him”) to יֹצֵר ( yotser , “the one who forms”; the suffixed form in the Hebrew text may be influenced by vv. 9-10 , where the same form appears twice) and takes “coming things” as the object of the participle (either objective genitive or accusative): “the one who brings the future into being.”


text: Heb “Ask me” The rhetorical command sarcastically expresses the Lord’s disgust with those who question his ways.


text: Heb “Do you command me about…?” The rhetorical question sarcastically expresses the Lord’s disgust with those who question his ways.


text: The words “who live” are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.


text: Heb “I, even my hands”; NASB “I stretched out…with My hands”; NRSV “it was my hands that stretched out.” The same construction occurs at the beginning of v. 13 .


text: Or “the heavens.” The Hebrew term שָׁמַיִם ( shamayim ) may be translated “heavens” or “sky” depending on the context.


text: Heb “and to all their host I commanded.” See the notes at 40:26 .


text: Heb “I stir him up in righteousness”; NASB “I have aroused him.” See the note at 41:2 . Cyrus (cf. 44:28 ) is in view here.


text: Heb “labor,” which stands metonymically for the fruits of labor, either “monetary profit,” or “products.”


text: Or perhaps, “merchandise” (so KJV, NASB, NIV, NRSV); NAB “the gain of Ethiopia”; CEV “the treasures of Ethiopia.”


text: Heb “they will pass over to you”; NASB, NIV “will come over to you”; CEV “will belong to you.”


text: Or perhaps, “among.” Cf. KJV, ASV “Surely God is in thee.”


text: Heb “there is no other” (so NIV, NRSV). The same phrase occurs at the end of v. 18 , in v. 21 , and at the end of v. 22 .


text: “together they will walk in humiliation, the makers of images.”


text: Heb “Israel will be delivered by the Lord [with] a permanent deliverance.”


text: Heb “you will not be ashamed and you will not be humiliated for ages of future time.”


text: Heb “he [is] the God.” The article here indicates uniqueness.


text: Or “unformed.” Gen 1:2 describes the world as “unformed” ( תֹהוּ , tohu ) prior to God’s creative work, but God then formed the world and made it fit for habitation.


text: Heb “in a place of a land of darkness” (ASV similar); NASB “in some dark land.”


text: “In vain” translates תֹהוּ ( tohu ), used here as an adverbial accusative: “for nothing.”


text: The translation above assumes that צֶדֶק ( tsedeq ) and מֵישָׁרִים ( mesharim ) are adverbial accusatives (see 33:15 ). If they are taken as direct objects, indicating the content of what is spoken, one might translate, “who proclaims deliverance, who announces justice.”


text: Heb “Declare! Bring near!”; NASB “Declare and set forth your case.” See 41:21 .


text: Or “a righteous God and deliverer”; NASB, NIV, NRSV “a righteous God and a Savior.”


text: The Niphal imperative with prefixed vav ( ו ) indicates purpose after the preceding imperative. The Niphal probably has a tolerative sense, “allow yourselves to be delivered, accept help.”


text: Heb “I swear by myself”; KJV, NASB “have sworn.”


text: Heb “a word goes out from my mouth [in] truth and will not return.”


text: Heb “swear” (so KJV, NAB, NIV, NRSV); NLT “confess allegiance.”


text: Heb “‘Yes, in the Lord,’ one says about me, ‘is deliverance and strength.’”


text: Heb “will come to him and be ashamed.”


text: Heb “In the Lord all the offspring of Israel will be vindicated and boast.”