translation_id: net-engnet

book_id: PSA

label: NET study note

text: . The psalmist laments Israel’s demise and asks the Lord to show favor toward his people, as he did in earlier times.


text: Winged angels ( Heb “cherubs”). Cherubs, as depicted in the OT, possess both human and animal (lion, ox, and eagle) characteristics (see Ezek 1:10; 10:14, 21; 41:18 ). They are pictured as winged creatures ( Exod 25:20; 37:9 ; 1 Kgs 6:24-27 ; Ezek 10:8, 19 ) and serve as the very throne of God when the ark of the covenant is in view ( Ps 99:1 ; see Num 7:89 ; 1 Sam 4:4 ; 2 Sam 6:2 ; 2 Kgs 19:15 ). The picture of the Lord seated on the cherubs suggests they might be used by him as a vehicle, a function they carry out in Ezek 1:22-28 (the “living creatures” mentioned here are identified as cherubs in Ezek 10:20 ). In Ps 18:10 the image of a cherub serves to personify the wind.


text: The vine is here a metaphor for Israel (see Ezek 17:6-10 ; Hos 10:1 ).


text: The protective walls of the metaphorical vineyard are in view here (see Isa 5:5 ).