44 lines
22 KiB
JSON
44 lines
22 KiB
JSON
{"id":23852,"verse_id":"PRO.4.1","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"PRO","chapter":4,"verse":1,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"2","reference":"4.1","text":"Heb “sons.”","source_note_position":2,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Proverbs%204%3A1/2"}
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{"id":23853,"verse_id":"PRO.4.1","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"PRO","chapter":4,"verse":1,"note_index":2,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"3","reference":"4.1","text":"Heb “discipline.”","source_note_position":3,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Proverbs%204%3A1/3"}
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{"id":23854,"verse_id":"PRO.4.2","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"PRO","chapter":4,"verse":2,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"4.2","text":"The perfect tense has the nuance of instantaneous perfect; the sage is now calling the disciples to listen. It could also be a perfect of resolve, indicating what he is determined to do.","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Proverbs%204%3A2/1"}
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{"id":23855,"verse_id":"PRO.4.3","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"PRO","chapter":4,"verse":3,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"4.3","text":"Or “a boy with my father.”","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Proverbs%204%3A3/1"}
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{"id":23856,"verse_id":"PRO.4.3","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"PRO","chapter":4,"verse":3,"note_index":1,"note_type":"textual_critical_note","label":"NET textual note","caller":"2","reference":"4.3","text":"The LXX introduces the ideas of “obedient” and “beloved” for these two terms. This seems to be a free rendering, if not a translation of a different Hebrew textual tradition. The MT makes good sense and requires no emendation. tn Heb “tender and only one.” The phrase רַךְ וְיָחִיד ( rakh vÿyakhid , “tender and only one”) is a hendiadys meaning “tender only child.” The adjective רַךְ ( rakh ) means “tender; delicate” (BDB 940 s.v. רַךְ ), and describes a lad who is young and undeveloped in character (e.g., 2 Sam 3:39 ). The adjective יָחִיד ( yakhid ) means “only one” (BDB 402 s.v. יָחִיד ) and refers to a beloved and prized only child (e.g., Gen 22:2 ).","source_note_position":2,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Proverbs%204%3A3/2"}
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{"id":23857,"verse_id":"PRO.4.4","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"PRO","chapter":4,"verse":4,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"4.4","text":"The imperative with the vav expresses volitional sequence after the preceding imperative: “keep and then you will live,” meaning “keep so that you may live.”","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Proverbs%204%3A4/1"}
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{"id":23858,"verse_id":"PRO.4.5","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"PRO","chapter":4,"verse":5,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"4.5","text":"Heb “from the words of my mouth” (so KJV, NASB, NRSV); TEV, CEV “what I say.” sn The verse uses repetition for the imperative “acquire” to underscore the importance of getting wisdom; it then uses two verb forms for the one prepositional phrase to stress the warning.","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Proverbs%204%3A5/1"}
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{"id":23859,"verse_id":"PRO.4.6","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"PRO","chapter":4,"verse":6,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"4.6","text":"Heb “her”; the 3rd person feminine singular referent is personified “wisdom,” which has been specified in the translation for clarity.","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Proverbs%204%3A6/1"}
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{"id":23860,"verse_id":"PRO.4.7","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"PRO","chapter":4,"verse":7,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"4.7","text":"The absolute and construct state of רֵאשִׁית ( re ’ shit ) are identical (BDB 912 s.v.). Some treat רֵאשִׁית חָכְמָה ( re ’ shit khokhmah ) as a genitive-construct phrase: “the beginning of wisdom” (cf. NAB, NASB, NRSV). Others take רֵאשִׁית as an absolute functioning as predicate and חָכְמָה as the subject: “wisdom is the first/chief thing” (cf. KJV, ASV). The context here suggests the predicate.","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Proverbs%204%3A7/1"}
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{"id":23861,"verse_id":"PRO.4.7","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"PRO","chapter":4,"verse":7,"note_index":2,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"2","reference":"4.7","text":"The term “so” does not appear in the Hebrew but is supplied in the translation for the sake of smoothness and style.","source_note_position":2,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Proverbs%204%3A7/2"}
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{"id":23862,"verse_id":"PRO.4.7","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"PRO","chapter":4,"verse":7,"note_index":3,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"3","reference":"4.7","text":"The noun קִנְיָן ( qinyan ) means “thing got or acquired; acquisition” (BDB 889 s.v.). With the preposition that denotes price, it means “with (or at the price of) all that you have acquired.” The point is that no price is too high for wisdom – give everything for it (K&D 16:108).","source_note_position":3,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Proverbs%204%3A7/3"}
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{"id":23863,"verse_id":"PRO.4.7","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"PRO","chapter":4,"verse":7,"note_index":1,"note_type":"textual_critical_note","label":"NET textual note","caller":"4","reference":"4.7","text":"The verse is not in the LXX; some textual critics delete the verse as an impossible gloss that interrupts vv. 6 and 8 (e.g., C. H. Toy, Proverbs [ICC], 88).","source_note_position":4,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Proverbs%204%3A7/4"}
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{"id":23864,"verse_id":"PRO.4.8","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"PRO","chapter":4,"verse":8,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"4.8","text":"The verb is the Pilpel imperative from סָלַל ( salal , “to lift up; to cast up”). So the imperative means “exalt her; esteem her highly; prize her.”","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Proverbs%204%3A8/1"}
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{"id":23865,"verse_id":"PRO.4.9","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"PRO","chapter":4,"verse":9,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"2","reference":"4.9","text":"The verb מָגַן ( magan ) is a Piel (denominative) verb from the noun “shield.” Here it means “to bestow” (BDB 171 s.v.).","source_note_position":2,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Proverbs%204%3A9/2"}
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{"id":23866,"verse_id":"PRO.4.10","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"PRO","chapter":4,"verse":10,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"4.10","text":"Heb “my son” (likewise in v. 20 ).","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Proverbs%204%3A10/1"}
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{"id":23867,"verse_id":"PRO.4.10","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"PRO","chapter":4,"verse":10,"note_index":2,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"2","reference":"4.10","text":"The vav prefixed to the imperfect verb follows an imperative; this volitive sequence depicts purpose/result.","source_note_position":2,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Proverbs%204%3A10/2"}
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{"id":23868,"verse_id":"PRO.4.10","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"PRO","chapter":4,"verse":10,"note_index":3,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"3","reference":"4.10","text":"Heb “and the years of life will be many for you.”","source_note_position":3,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Proverbs%204%3A10/3"}
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{"id":23869,"verse_id":"PRO.4.11","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"PRO","chapter":4,"verse":11,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"4.11","text":"The form הֹרֵתִיךָ ( horetikha ) is the Hiphil perfect with a suffix from the root יָרָה ( yarah , “to guide”). This and the parallel verb should be taken as instantaneous perfects, translated as an English present tense: The sage is now instructing or pointing the way. sn The verb יָרָה ( yarah ) means “to teach; to instruct; to guide.” This is from the same root as the Hebrew word for “law” ( torah ). See G. R. Driver, “Hebrew Notes,” VT 1 (1951): 241-50; and J. L. Crenshaw, “The Acquisition of Knowledge in Israelite Wisdom Literature,” WW 7 (1986): 9.","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Proverbs%204%3A11/1"}
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{"id":23870,"verse_id":"PRO.4.11","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"PRO","chapter":4,"verse":11,"note_index":2,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"2","reference":"4.11","text":"Heb “in the tracks of uprightness”; cf. NAB “on straightforward paths.” Both the verb and the object of the preposition make use of the idiom – the verb is the Hiphil perfect from דֶּרֶךְ ( derekh , related to “road; way”) and the object is “wagon tracks, paths.”","source_note_position":2,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Proverbs%204%3A11/2"}
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{"id":23871,"verse_id":"PRO.4.13","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"PRO","chapter":4,"verse":13,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"4.13","text":"Heb “discipline.”","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Proverbs%204%3A13/1"}
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{"id":23872,"verse_id":"PRO.4.13","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"PRO","chapter":4,"verse":13,"note_index":2,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"2","reference":"4.13","text":"The form נִצְּרֶהָ ( nitsÿreha , from נָצַר , natsar ) has an anomalous doubled letter (see GKC 73 §20. h ).","source_note_position":2,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Proverbs%204%3A13/2"}
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{"id":23873,"verse_id":"PRO.4.14","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"PRO","chapter":4,"verse":14,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"4.14","text":"The verb אָשַׁר (’ ashar , “to walk”) is not to be confused with the identically spelled homonym אָשַׁר “to pronounce happy” as in BDB 80 s.v. אָשַׁר .","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Proverbs%204%3A14/1"}
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{"id":23874,"verse_id":"PRO.4.17","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"PRO","chapter":4,"verse":17,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"4.17","text":"The noun is a cognate accusative stressing that they consume wickedness.","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Proverbs%204%3A17/1"}
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{"id":23875,"verse_id":"PRO.4.17","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"PRO","chapter":4,"verse":17,"note_index":2,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"2","reference":"4.17","text":"Heb “the bread of wickedness” (so KJV, NAB, NIV, NRSV). There are two ways to take the genitives: (1) genitives of apposition: wickedness and violence are their food and drink (cf. TEV, CEV, NLT), or (2) genitives of source: they derive their livelihood from the evil they do (C. H. Toy, Proverbs [ICC], 93).","source_note_position":2,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Proverbs%204%3A17/2"}
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{"id":23876,"verse_id":"PRO.4.17","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"PRO","chapter":4,"verse":17,"note_index":3,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"3","reference":"4.17","text":"Heb “the wine of violence” (so KJV, NAB, NIV, NRSV). This is a genitive of source, meaning that the wine they drink was plundered from their violent crime. The Hebrew is structured in an AB:BA chiasm: “For they eat the bread of wickedness, and the wine of violence they drink.” The word order in the translation is reversed for the sake of smoothness and readability.","source_note_position":3,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Proverbs%204%3A17/3"}
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{"id":23877,"verse_id":"PRO.4.18","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"PRO","chapter":4,"verse":18,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"4.18","text":"Heb “like light of brightness.” This construction is an attributive genitive: “bright light.” The word “light” ( אוֹר , ’ or ) refers to the early morning light or the dawn (BDB 21 s.v.). The point of the simile is that the course of life that the righteous follow is like the clear, bright morning light. It is illumined, clear, easy to follow, and healthy and safe – the opposite of what darkness represents.","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Proverbs%204%3A18/1"}
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{"id":23878,"verse_id":"PRO.4.18","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"PRO","chapter":4,"verse":18,"note_index":2,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"2","reference":"4.18","text":"The construction uses the Qal active participle of הָלַךְ ( halakh ) in a metaphorical sense to add the idea of continuance or continually to the participle הוֹלֵךְ ( holekh ). Here the path was growing light, but the added participle signifies continually.","source_note_position":2,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Proverbs%204%3A18/2"}
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{"id":23879,"verse_id":"PRO.4.18","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"PRO","chapter":4,"verse":18,"note_index":3,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"3","reference":"4.18","text":"Heb “until the day is established.” This expression refers to the coming of the full day or the time of high noon.","source_note_position":3,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Proverbs%204%3A18/3"}
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{"id":23880,"verse_id":"PRO.4.20","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"PRO","chapter":4,"verse":20,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"4.20","text":"Heb “incline your ear.” The verb הַט ( hat ) is the Hiphil imperative from נָטָה ( natah , Hiphil: “to turn to; to incline”). The idiom “to incline the ear” gives the picture of “lean over and listen closely.” sn Commentators note the use of the body in this section: ear (v. 20 ), eyes (v. 21 ), flesh (v. 22 ), heart (v. 23 ), lips (v. 24 ), eyes (v. 25 ), feet (v. 26 ), and hands and feet (v. 27 ). Each is a synecdoche of part representing the whole; the total accumulation signifies the complete person in the process.","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Proverbs%204%3A20/1"}
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{"id":23881,"verse_id":"PRO.4.21","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"PRO","chapter":4,"verse":21,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"4.21","text":"The Hiphil form יַלִּיזוּ ( yallizu ) follows the Aramaic with gemination. The verb means “to turn aside; to depart” (intransitive Hiphil or inner causative).","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Proverbs%204%3A21/1"}
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{"id":23882,"verse_id":"PRO.4.21","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"PRO","chapter":4,"verse":21,"note_index":2,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"2","reference":"4.21","text":"Or “keep” (so KJV, NIV, NRSV and many others).","source_note_position":2,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Proverbs%204%3A21/2"}
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{"id":23883,"verse_id":"PRO.4.22","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"PRO","chapter":4,"verse":22,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"4.22","text":"Heb “to all of his flesh.”","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Proverbs%204%3A22/1"}
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{"id":23884,"verse_id":"PRO.4.23","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"PRO","chapter":4,"verse":23,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"4.23","text":"Heb “more than all guarding.” This idiom means “with all vigilance.” The construction uses the preposition מִן ( min ) to express “above; beyond,” the word “all” and the noun “prison; guard; act of guarding.” The latter is the use here (BDB 1038 s.v. מִשְׁמָר ).","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Proverbs%204%3A23/1"}
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{"id":23885,"verse_id":"PRO.4.24","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"PRO","chapter":4,"verse":24,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"4.24","text":"Heb “crookedness.” The noun עִקְּשׁוּת (’ iqqÿshut ) refers to what is morally twisted or perverted. Here it refers to things that are said (cf. NAB “dishonest talk”; NRSV “crooked speech”). The term “mouth” functions as a metonymy of cause for perverse speech. Such perverse talking could be subtle or blatant.","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Proverbs%204%3A24/1"}
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{"id":23886,"verse_id":"PRO.4.24","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"PRO","chapter":4,"verse":24,"note_index":2,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"2","reference":"4.24","text":"Heb “crookedness of mouth.”","source_note_position":2,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Proverbs%204%3A24/2"}
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{"id":23887,"verse_id":"PRO.4.24","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"PRO","chapter":4,"verse":24,"note_index":3,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"3","reference":"4.24","text":"Heb “deviousness of lips put far from you.”","source_note_position":3,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Proverbs%204%3A24/3"}
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{"id":23888,"verse_id":"PRO.4.25","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"PRO","chapter":4,"verse":25,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"4.25","text":"The jussives in this verse are both Hiphil, the first from the verb “to gaze; to look intently [or, carefully],” ( נָבַט , navat ) and the second from the verb “to be smooth, straight” ( יָשָׁר , yashar ).","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Proverbs%204%3A25/1"}
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{"id":23889,"verse_id":"PRO.4.25","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"PRO","chapter":4,"verse":25,"note_index":2,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"2","reference":"4.25","text":"Heb “your eyelids.” The term “eyelids” is often a poetic synonym for “eye” (it is a metonymy of adjunct, something connected with the eye put for the eye that sees); it may intensify the idea as one might squint to gain a clearer look.","source_note_position":2,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Proverbs%204%3A25/2"}
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{"id":23890,"verse_id":"PRO.4.26","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"PRO","chapter":4,"verse":26,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"4.26","text":"Heb “path of your foot.”","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Proverbs%204%3A26/1"}
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{"id":23891,"verse_id":"PRO.4.26","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"PRO","chapter":4,"verse":26,"note_index":2,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"3","reference":"4.26","text":"The vav prefixed to the beginning of this dependent clause denotes purpose/result following the preceding imperative.","source_note_position":3,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Proverbs%204%3A26/3"}
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{"id":23892,"verse_id":"PRO.4.26","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"PRO","chapter":4,"verse":26,"note_index":3,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"4","reference":"4.26","text":"The Niphal jussive from כּוּן ( cun , “to be fixed; to be established; to be steadfast”) continues the idiom of walking and ways for the moral sense in life.","source_note_position":4,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Proverbs%204%3A26/4"}
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{"id":23893,"verse_id":"PRO.4.27","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"PRO","chapter":4,"verse":27,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"2","reference":"4.27","text":"Heb “your foot” (so NAB, NIV, NRSV). The term רַגְלְךָ ( raglÿkha , “your foot”) is a synecdoche of part (= foot) for the whole person (= “yourself”).","source_note_position":2,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Proverbs%204%3A27/2"}
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{"id":23894,"verse_id":"PRO.4.27","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"PRO","chapter":4,"verse":27,"note_index":1,"note_type":"textual_critical_note","label":"NET textual note","caller":"3","reference":"4.27","text":"The LXX adds, “For the way of the right hand God knows, but those of the left hand are distorted; and he himself will make straight your paths and guide your goings in peace.” The ideas presented here are not out of harmony with Proverbs, but the section clearly shows an expansion by the translator. For a brief discussion of whether this addition is Jewish or early Christian, see C. H. Toy, Proverbs (ICC), 99.","source_note_position":3,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Proverbs%204%3A27/3"}
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