26 lines
17 KiB
JSON
26 lines
17 KiB
JSON
{"id":33965,"verse_id":"HOS.6.1","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"HOS","chapter":6,"verse":1,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"6.1","text":"“has struck”; NRSV “struck down.”","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Hosea%206%3A1/1"}
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{"id":33966,"verse_id":"HOS.6.2","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"HOS","chapter":6,"verse":2,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"6.2","text":"The Piel of חָיָה ( khayah ) may mean: (1) to keep/preserve persons alive from the threat of premature death ( 1 Kgs 20:31 ; Ezek 13:18; 18:27 ); (2) to restore the dead to physical life ( Deut 32:39 ; 1 Sam 2:6 ; cf. NCV “will put new life in us”); or (3) to restore the dying back to life from the threat of death ( Ps 71:20 ; BDB 311 s.v. חָיָה ).","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Hosea%206%3A2/1"}
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{"id":33967,"verse_id":"HOS.6.2","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"HOS","chapter":6,"verse":2,"note_index":2,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"2","reference":"6.2","text":"Heb “after two days” (so KJV, NIV, NRSV). The expression “after two days” is an idiom meaning “after a short time” (see, e.g., Judg 11:4 ; BDB 399 s.v. יוֹם 5.a).","source_note_position":2,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Hosea%206%3A2/2"}
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{"id":33968,"verse_id":"HOS.6.2","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"HOS","chapter":6,"verse":2,"note_index":3,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"3","reference":"6.2","text":"Heb “on the third day” (so NASB, NIV, NRSV), which parallels “after two days” and means “in a little while.” The “2-3” sequence is an example of graded numerical parallelism ( Prov 30:15-16, 18-19, 21-23, 24-28, 29-31 ). This expresses the unrepentant overconfidence of Israel that the Lord ’s discipline of Israel would be relatively short and that he would restore them quickly.","source_note_position":3,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Hosea%206%3A2/3"}
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{"id":33969,"verse_id":"HOS.6.3","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"HOS","chapter":6,"verse":3,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"6.3","text":"The object (“him”) is omitted in the Hebrew text, but supplied in the translation for clarity.","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Hosea%206%3A3/1"}
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{"id":33970,"verse_id":"HOS.6.3","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"HOS","chapter":6,"verse":3,"note_index":2,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"2","reference":"6.3","text":"Heb “let us pursue in order to know.” The Hebrew term רָדַף ( radaf , “to pursue”) is used figuratively: “to aim to secure” (BDB 923 s.v. רָדַף 2). It describes the pursuit of a moral goal: “Do not pervert justice…nor accept a bribe…pursue [ רָדַף ] justice” ( Deut 16:20 ); “those who pursue [ רָדַף ] righteousness and who seek [ בָּקַשׁ , baqash ] the Lord ” ( Isa 51:1 ); “He who pursues [ רָדַף ] righteousness and love finds life, prosperity, and honor” ( Prov 21:20 ); “Seek [ בָּקַשׁ ] peace and pursue [ רָדַף ] it” ( Ps 34:15 ); “they slander me when I pursue [ רָדַף ] good” ( Ps 38:21 ).","source_note_position":2,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Hosea%206%3A3/2"}
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{"id":33971,"verse_id":"HOS.6.4","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"HOS","chapter":6,"verse":4,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"6.4","text":"The vav prefixed to וְחַסְדְּכֶם ( vÿkhasdÿkhem , “your faithfulness”) functions in an explanatory sense (“For”).","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Hosea%206%3A4/1"}
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{"id":33972,"verse_id":"HOS.6.4","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"HOS","chapter":6,"verse":4,"note_index":2,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"2","reference":"6.4","text":"Heb “your faithfulness [so NCV; NASB “your loyalty”; NIV, NRSV, NLT “your love”] is like a morning cloud” ( וְחַסְדְּכֶם כַּעֲנַן־בֹּקֶר , vÿkhasdÿkhem ka ’ anan-boqer ). sn The Hebrew poets and prophets frequently refer to the morning clouds as a simile for transitoriness (e.g., Job 7:9 ; Isa 44:22 ; Hos 6:4; 13:3 ; BDB 778 s.v. עָנָן 1.c). For discussion of this phenomena in Palestine, see Chaplin, PEQ (1883): 19.","source_note_position":2,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Hosea%206%3A4/2"}
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{"id":33973,"verse_id":"HOS.6.4","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"HOS","chapter":6,"verse":4,"note_index":3,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"3","reference":"6.4","text":"Heb “the dew departing early” (BDB 1014 s.v. שָׁכַם ); cf. NRSV “the dew that goes away early.” The Hiphil participle מַשְׁכִּים ( mashkim ) means “to depart early” ( Gen 19:27 ; Josh 8:14 ; Judg 19:9 ). The idiom means “early morning” ( 1 Sam 17:16 ).","source_note_position":3,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Hosea%206%3A4/3"}
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{"id":33974,"verse_id":"HOS.6.5","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"HOS","chapter":6,"verse":5,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"6.5","text":"The two suffix conjugation verbs חָצַבְתִּי ( khatsavti , Qal perfect 1st person common singular from חָצַב , khatsav , “to cut into pieces”) and הֲרַגְתִּים ( haragtim , Qal perfect 1st person common singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix from הָרַג , harag , “to kill”) are used in reference to future-time events. These are examples of the so-called “prophetic perfect” which emphasizes the certainty of the future event (e.g., Num 24:17 ; Josh 10:19 ; Isa 8:23; 9:1). For this function of the perfect, see IBHS 480-81 §30.1d. Most English versions, however, render these as past tenses.","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Hosea%206%3A5/1"}
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{"id":33975,"verse_id":"HOS.6.5","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"HOS","chapter":6,"verse":5,"note_index":2,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"2","reference":"6.5","text":"Heb “by the prophets” (so KJV, NRSV). The prophets are pictured as the executioners of Israel and Judah because they announced their imminent destruction. The prophetic word was endowed with the power of fulfillment.","source_note_position":2,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Hosea%206%3A5/2"}
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{"id":33976,"verse_id":"HOS.6.5","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"HOS","chapter":6,"verse":5,"note_index":3,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"3","reference":"6.5","text":"Heb “them.” The shift from the 2nd person masculine singular referents (“your” and “you”) in 6:4-5 to the 3rd person masculine plural referent (“them”) is an example of enallage, a poetic device used for emphasis.","source_note_position":3,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Hosea%206%3A5/3"}
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{"id":33977,"verse_id":"HOS.6.5","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"HOS","chapter":6,"verse":5,"note_index":4,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"4","reference":"6.5","text":"Heb “with the words of my mouth” (so NIV); TEV “with my message of judgment and destruction.”","source_note_position":4,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Hosea%206%3A5/4"}
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{"id":33978,"verse_id":"HOS.6.5","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"HOS","chapter":6,"verse":5,"note_index":5,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"5","reference":"6.5","text":"The disjunctive vav prefixed to the noun ( וּמִשְׁפָּטֶיךָ , umishpatekha ) has an explanatory function.","source_note_position":5,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Hosea%206%3A5/5"}
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{"id":33979,"verse_id":"HOS.6.5","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"HOS","chapter":6,"verse":5,"note_index":1,"note_type":"textual_critical_note","label":"NET textual note","caller":"6","reference":"6.5","text":"The MT reads וּמִשְׁפָּטֶיךָ אוֹר יֵצֵא ( umishpatekha ’ or yetse ’, “and your judgments [are] a light [which] goes forth”) which is enigmatic and syntactically awkward (cf. KJV, NASB). The LXX reads καὶ τὸ κρίμα μου ὡς φώς ( kai to krima mou {ws fos , “my judgment goes forth like light”) which reflects וּמִשְׁפָּטִי כָאוֹר יֵצֵא ( umishpati kha ’ or yetse ’, “my judgment goes forth like the light”) and posits only a simple misdivision of words. This is reflected in the Syriac Peshitta and Aramaic Targum and is followed by the present translation (so also NCV, NRSV). See D. Barthélemy, ed. , Preliminary and Interim Report on the Hebrew Old Testament Text Project , 5:238.","source_note_position":6,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Hosea%206%3A5/6"}
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{"id":33980,"verse_id":"HOS.6.5","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"HOS","chapter":6,"verse":5,"note_index":6,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"7","reference":"6.5","text":"The noun אוֹר (’ or , “light”) is used here in reference to the morning light or dawn (e.g., Judg 16:2; 19:26 ; 1 Sam 14:36; 25:34, 36 ; 2 Sam 17:22; 23:4 ; 2 Kgs 7:9 ; Neh 8:3 ; Job 24:14 ; Prov 4:18 ; Mic 2:1 ; cf. CEV, NLT) rather than lightning (cf. NIV). This continues the early morning imagery used throughout 6:2-5 . sn In 6:3 unrepentant Israel uttered an over-confident boast that the Lord would rescue the nation from calamity as certainly as the “light of the dawn” ( שַׁחַר , shakhar ) “comes forth” ( יֵצֵא , yetse ’) every morning. Playing upon the early morning imagery, the Lord responded in 6:4 that Israel’s prerequisite repentance was as fleeting as the early morning dew. Now in 6:5 , the Lord announces that he will indeed appear as certainly as the morning; however, it will not be to rescue but to punish Israel: punishment will “come forth” ( יֵצֵא ) like the “light of the dawn” ( אוֹר ).","source_note_position":7,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Hosea%206%3A5/7"}
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{"id":33981,"verse_id":"HOS.6.6","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"HOS","chapter":6,"verse":6,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"6.6","text":"The phrase “I delight” does not appear in the Hebrew text a second time in this verse, but is implied from the parallelism in the preceding line.","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Hosea%206%3A6/1"}
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{"id":33982,"verse_id":"HOS.6.7","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"HOS","chapter":6,"verse":7,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"6.7","text":"Or “Like Adam”; or “Like [sinful] men.” The MT reads כְּאָדָם ( kÿ ’ adam , “like Adam” or “as [sinful] men”); however, the editors of BHS suggest this reflects an orthographic confusion of בְּאָדָם ( bÿ ’ adam , “at Adam”), as suggested by the locative adverb שָׁם ( sham , “there”) in the following line. However, שָׁם sometimes functions in a nonlocative sense similar to the deictic particle הִנֵּה ( hinneh , “Behold!”). The singular noun אָדָם (’ adam ) has been taken in several different ways: (1) proper name: “like Adam” ( כְּאָדָם ), (2) collective singular: “like [sinful] men” ( כְּאָדָם ), (3) proper location: “at Adam,” referring to a city in the Jordan Valley ( Josh 3:16 ), emending comparative כְּ ( kaf ) to locative בְּ ( bet , “at”): “at Adam” ( בְּאָדָם ). BDB 9 s.v. אָדָם 2 suggests the collective sense, referring to sinful men ( Num 5:6 ; 1 Kgs 8:46 ; 2 Chr 6:36 ; Jer 10:14 ; Job 31:33 ; Hos 6:7 ). The English versions are divided: KJV margin, ASV, RSV margin, NASB, NIV, TEV margin, NLT “like Adam”; RSV, NRSV, TEV “at Adam”; KJV “like men.”","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Hosea%206%3A7/1"}
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{"id":33983,"verse_id":"HOS.6.7","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"HOS","chapter":6,"verse":7,"note_index":2,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"2","reference":"6.7","text":"The verb עָבַר (’ avar ) refers here to breaking a covenant and carries the nuance “to overstep, transgress” (BDB 717 s.v. עָבַר 1.i). Cf. NAB “violated”; NRSV “transgressed.”","source_note_position":2,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Hosea%206%3A7/2"}
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{"id":33984,"verse_id":"HOS.6.7","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"HOS","chapter":6,"verse":7,"note_index":3,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"3","reference":"6.7","text":"The adverb שָׁם ( sham ) normally functions in a locative sense meaning “there” (BDB 1027 s.v. שָׁם ). This is how it is translated by many English versions (e.g., KJV, NAB, NASB, NIV, NRSV). However, in poetry שָׁם sometimes functions in a nonlocative sense to introduce expressions of astonishment or when a scene is vividly visualized in the writer’s imagination (see BDB 1027 s.v. 1 .a. β ), or somewhat similar to the deictic particle הִנֵּה ( hinneh , “Behold!”): “See [ שָׁם ] how the evildoers lie fallen!” (Ps 36:13); “Listen! The cry on the day of the Lord will be bitter! See [ שָׁם ]! The shouting of the warrior!” ( Zeph 1:14 ); “They saw [ רָאוּ , ra ’ u ] her and were astonished…See [ שָׁם ] how trembling seized them!” ( Ps 48:7 ). In some cases, it introduces emphatic statements in a manner similar to הִנֵּה (“Behold!”): “Come and see [ לְכוּ וּרְאוּ , lÿkhu urÿ ’ u ] what God has done…Behold [ שָׁם ], let us rejoice in him!” ( Ps 66:5 ); “See/Behold [ שָׁם ]! I will make a horn grow for David” ( Ps 132:17 ). The present translation’s use of “Oh how!” in Hos 6:7 is less visual than the Hebrew idiom שָׁם (“See! See how!”), but it more closely approximates the parallel English idiom of astonishment.","source_note_position":3,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Hosea%206%3A7/3"}
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{"id":33985,"verse_id":"HOS.6.7","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"HOS","chapter":6,"verse":7,"note_index":4,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"4","reference":"6.7","text":"The verb בָּגַד ( bagad , “to act treacherously”) is often used in reference to faithlessness in covenant relationships (BDB 93 s.v. בָּגַד ).","source_note_position":4,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Hosea%206%3A7/4"}
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{"id":33986,"verse_id":"HOS.6.8","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"HOS","chapter":6,"verse":8,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"6.8","text":"The participle phrase פֹּעֲלֵי אָוֶן ( po ’ ale ’ aven , “workers of wickedness”) emphasizes continual (uninterrupted), habitual action. This particular use of the participle is an ironic play on the professional occupation function (see IBHS 615 §37.2c). In effect, the major “professional guild” in Gilead is evil-working; the people are producers of evil!","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Hosea%206%3A8/1"}
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{"id":33987,"verse_id":"HOS.6.8","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"HOS","chapter":6,"verse":8,"note_index":2,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"2","reference":"6.8","text":"Heb “it is foot-tracked with blood”; NAB “tracked with (+ footprints of NLT) blood.”","source_note_position":2,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Hosea%206%3A8/2"}
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{"id":33988,"verse_id":"HOS.6.11","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"HOS","chapter":6,"verse":11,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"6.11","text":"Heb “a harvest is appointed for you also, O Judah” (similar ASV, NAB, NASB, NIV, NRSV).","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Hosea%206%3A11/1"}
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{"id":33989,"verse_id":"HOS.6.11","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"HOS","chapter":6,"verse":11,"note_index":1,"note_type":"textual_critical_note","label":"NET textual note","caller":"2","reference":"6.11","text":"In the verse divisions of the MT (Leningrad Codex and Aleppo Codex), this is the last line of 6:11 . However, the BHK and BHS editors suggest that it belongs with the beginning of 7:1 . The ancient versions (Greek, Syriac, Latin) all reflect textual traditions that connect it with 6:11 . The English versions are divided: some connect it with 6:11 (KJV, NASB, NLT), while others connect it with 7:1 (RSV, NAB, NIV, NRSV, NJPS). The parallelism between this line and 7:1 a favors connecting it with 7:1 .","source_note_position":2,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Hosea%206%3A11/2"}
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