70 lines
37 KiB
JSON
70 lines
37 KiB
JSON
{"id":49081,"verse_id":"REV.18.1","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":1,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"18.1","text":"Grk “glory”; but often in the sense of splendor, brightness, or radiance (see L&N 14.49).","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A1/1"}
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{"id":49082,"verse_id":"REV.18.2","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":2,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"18.2","text":"Here καί ( kai ) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A2/1"}
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{"id":49083,"verse_id":"REV.18.2","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":2,"note_index":2,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"2","reference":"18.2","text":"Or “It” (the subject is embedded in the verb in Greek; the verb only indicates that it is third person). Since the city has been personified as the great prostitute, the feminine pronoun was used in the translation.","source_note_position":2,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A2/2"}
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{"id":49084,"verse_id":"REV.18.2","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":2,"note_index":3,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"3","reference":"18.2","text":"Here BDAG 1067 s.v. φυλακή 3 states, “a place where guarding is done , prison …Of the nether world or its place of punishment ( πνεῦμα 2 and 4c) 1 Pt 3:19 (BReicke, The Disobedient Spirits and Christian Baptism ’46, 116f). It is in a φ . in the latter sense that Satan will be rendered harmless during the millennium Rv 20:7 . The fallen city of Babylon becomes a φυλακή haunt for all kinds of unclean spirits and birds 18:2 ab.”","source_note_position":3,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A2/3"}
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{"id":49085,"verse_id":"REV.18.2","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":2,"note_index":1,"note_type":"textual_critical_note","label":"NET textual note","caller":"4","reference":"18.2","text":"There are several problems in this verse. It seems that according to the ms evidence the first two phrases (i.e., “and a haunt for every unclean spirit, and a haunt for every unclean bird” [ καὶ φυλακὴ παντὸς πνεύματος ἀκαθάρτου καὶ φυλακὴ παντὸς ὀρνέου ἀκαθάρτου , kai fulakh panto\" pneumato\" akaqartou kai fulakh panto\" orneou akaqartou ]) are to be regarded as authentic, though there are some ms discrepancies. The similar beginnings ( καὶ φυλακὴ παντός ) and endings ( ἀκαθάρτου ) of each phrase would easily account for some mss omitting one or the other phrase. The third phrase (“a haunt for every unclean animal” [ καὶ φυλακὴ παντὸς θηρίου ἀκαθάρτου , kai fulakh panto\" qhriou akaqartou ]), however, is more problematic since it is missing in several important mss ( א C 051 Ï ). The passage as a whole, including the third phrase, seems to be an allusion to Isa 13:21 and 34:11 . It seems reasonable, in such a case, to assume that since there is good ms evidence to support the third phrase (A 1611 2329 al ), it probably dropped out of certain mss because of its similarity to the two preceding clauses. It is the presence of all three phrases in the original that most likely gave rise to the divergent ms evidence extant today.","source_note_position":4,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A2/4"}
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{"id":49086,"verse_id":"REV.18.3","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":3,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"18.3","text":"Or “all the Gentiles” (the same Greek word may be translated “Gentiles” or “nations”).","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A3/1"}
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{"id":49087,"verse_id":"REV.18.3","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":3,"note_index":2,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"2","reference":"18.3","text":") read “have drunk” ( πέπωκαν / πεπώκασιν , pepwkan / pepwkasin ); the singular πέπωκεν ( pepwken ) is read by P 051 1 2053* al . The more difficult reading and that which has the best ms support is “have fallen.” That it is not too difficult is evidenced by the fact that the great majority of Byzantine minuscules, which have a tendency to smooth out problems, left it stand as is. Nonetheless, it is somewhat difficult ( TCGNT 683 says that this reading is “scarcely suitable in the context”), and for that reason certain mss seem to have changed it to “have drunk” to agree with the idea of “wine” ( οἴνου , oinou ). One can understand how this could happen: A scribe coming to the text and seeing the term “wine” expects a verb of drinking. When he sees “have fallen” and knows that in Greek the verbs “have fallen” and “have drunk” are spelled similarly, he concludes that there has been a slip of the pen in the ms he is using, which he then seeks to correct back to the “have drunk” reading. This appears to be more reasonable than to conclude that three early uncials (i.e., א A C) as well as a great number of other witnesses all felt the need to change “have drunk” ( πέπωκαν ) to “have fallen” ( πέπτωκαν ), even if “fallen” occurs in the immediate context (“fallen, fallen, [ ἔπεσεν ἔπεσεν , epesen epesen ] Babylon the great” in the preceding verse). The preferred reading, on both external and internal grounds, is “have fallen,” and thus the Seer intends to focus on the effects of wine, namely, a drunken stupor.","source_note_position":2,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A3/2"}
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{"id":49088,"verse_id":"REV.18.3","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":3,"note_index":3,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"3","reference":"18.3","text":"See the notes on the words “passion” in Rev 14:8 and “wrath” in 16:19 .","source_note_position":3,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A3/3"}
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{"id":49089,"verse_id":"REV.18.3","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":3,"note_index":4,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"4","reference":"18.3","text":"According to BDAG 949 s.v. στρῆνος and στρηνιάω , these terms can refer either to luxury or sensuality. In the context of , however (as L&N 88.254 indicate) the stress is on gratification of the senses by sexual immorality, so that meaning was emphasized in the translation here.","source_note_position":4,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A3/4"}
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{"id":49090,"verse_id":"REV.18.4","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":4,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"18.4","text":"Here καί ( kai ) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A4/1"}
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{"id":49091,"verse_id":"REV.18.5","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":5,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"18.5","text":"On ἐκολλήθησαν ( ekollhqhsan ) BDAG 556 s.v. κολλάω 2.a. β states, “fig. cling to = come in close contact with (cp. Ps 21:16; 43:26 ἐκολλήθη εἰς γῆν ἡ γαστὴρ ἡμῶν . The act.=‘bring into contact’ PGM 5, 457 κολλήσας τ . λίθον τῷ ὠτίῳ ) ἐκολλήθησαν αἱ ἁμαρτίαι ἄχρι τ . οὐρανοῦ the sins have touched the heaven = reached the sky (two exprs. are telescoped) Rv 18:5 .”","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A5/1"}
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{"id":49092,"verse_id":"REV.18.5","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":5,"note_index":2,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"2","reference":"18.5","text":"Or “up to the sky” (the same Greek word means both “heaven” and “sky”).","source_note_position":2,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A5/2"}
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{"id":49093,"verse_id":"REV.18.5","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":5,"note_index":3,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"3","reference":"18.5","text":"That is, remembered her sins to execute judgment on them.","source_note_position":3,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A5/3"}
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{"id":49094,"verse_id":"REV.18.5","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":5,"note_index":4,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"4","reference":"18.5","text":"Or “her sins.”","source_note_position":4,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A5/4"}
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{"id":49095,"verse_id":"REV.18.6","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":6,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"18.6","text":"The word “others” is not in the Greek text, but is implied. Direct objects were frequently omitted in Greek when clear from the context.","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A6/1"}
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{"id":49096,"verse_id":"REV.18.6","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":6,"note_index":2,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"2","reference":"18.6","text":"On this term BDAG 252 s.v. διπλόω states, “ to double τὰ διπλᾶ pay back double Rv 18:6 .”","source_note_position":2,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A6/2"}
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{"id":49097,"verse_id":"REV.18.7","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":7,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"18.7","text":"“As much as” is the translation of ὅσα ( Josa ).","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A7/1"}
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{"id":49098,"verse_id":"REV.18.7","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":7,"note_index":2,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"2","reference":"18.7","text":"On the term ἐστρηνίασεν ( estrhniasen ) BDAG 949 s.v. στρηνιάω states, “ live in luxury, live sensually Rv 18:7 . W. πορνεύειν vs. 9.”","source_note_position":2,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A7/2"}
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{"id":49099,"verse_id":"REV.18.7","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":7,"note_index":3,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"3","reference":"18.7","text":"Grk “said in her heart,” an idiom for saying something to oneself.","source_note_position":3,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A7/3"}
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{"id":49100,"verse_id":"REV.18.8","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":8,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"18.8","text":"Grk “For this reason, her plagues will come.”","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A8/1"}
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{"id":49101,"verse_id":"REV.18.8","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":8,"note_index":2,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"2","reference":"18.8","text":"Grk “death.” θάνατος ( qanatos ) can in particular contexts refer to a manner of death, specifically a contagious disease (see BDAG 443 s.v. 3 ; L&N 23.158).","source_note_position":2,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A8/2"}
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{"id":49102,"verse_id":"REV.18.8","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":8,"note_index":3,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"3","reference":"18.8","text":"This is the same Greek word ( πένθος , penqo\" ) translated “grief” in vv. 7-8 .","source_note_position":3,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A8/3"}
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{"id":49103,"verse_id":"REV.18.8","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":8,"note_index":4,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"4","reference":"18.8","text":"Here “burned down” was used to translate κατακαυθήσεται ( katakauqhsetai ) because a city is in view.","source_note_position":4,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A8/4"}
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{"id":49104,"verse_id":"REV.18.9","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":9,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"18.9","text":"Here καί ( kai ) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A9/1"}
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{"id":49105,"verse_id":"REV.18.9","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":9,"note_index":2,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"2","reference":"18.9","text":"On the term ἐστρηνίασεν ( estrhniasen ) BDAG 949 s.v. στρηνιάω states, “ live in luxury, live sensually Rv 18:7 . W. πορνεύειν vs. 9.”","source_note_position":2,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A9/2"}
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{"id":49106,"verse_id":"REV.18.9","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":9,"note_index":3,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"3","reference":"18.9","text":"Grk “from the burning of her.” For the translation “the smoke from the fire that burns her up,” see L&N 14.63.","source_note_position":3,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A9/3"}
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{"id":49107,"verse_id":"REV.18.10","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":10,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"18.10","text":"Or “judgment,” condemnation,” “punishment.” BDAG 569 s.v. κρίσις 1.a. β states, “The word oft. means judgment that goes against a person, condemnation , and the sentence that follows… ἡ κ . σου your judgment Rv 18:10 .”","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A10/1"}
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{"id":49108,"verse_id":"REV.18.11","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":11,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"18.11","text":"Here καί ( kai ) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A11/1"}
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{"id":49109,"verse_id":"REV.18.11","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":11,"note_index":2,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"2","reference":"18.11","text":"On γόμος ( gomos ) BDAG 205 s.v. states, “ load, freight … cargo of a ship… Ac 21:3 . W. gen. of the owner Rv 18:11 . W. gen. of content… γ . χρυσοῦ a cargo of gold vs. 12.”","source_note_position":2,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A11/2"}
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{"id":49110,"verse_id":"REV.18.12","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":12,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"18.12","text":"Grk “and silver,” but καί ( kai ) has not been translated before most of these terms since English normally uses a coordinating conjunction only between the last two elements in a series of three or more","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A12/1"}
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{"id":49111,"verse_id":"REV.18.12","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":12,"note_index":2,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"2","reference":"18.12","text":"On this term BDAG 924-25 s.v. σιρικός states, “per. to silk from Ser, subst. τὸ σιρικόν silk cloth or garments w. other costly materials Rv 18:12 .”","source_note_position":2,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A12/2"}
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{"id":49112,"verse_id":"REV.18.12","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":12,"note_index":3,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"3","reference":"18.12","text":"On the translation of κόκκινον ( kokkinon ) as “scarlet cloth” see L&N 6.170.","source_note_position":3,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A12/3"}
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{"id":49113,"verse_id":"REV.18.12","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":12,"note_index":4,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"4","reference":"18.12","text":"On the phrase πᾶν ξύλον θύϊνον ( pan xulon quinon ) L&N 3.63 states, “pertaining to being made or consisting of citron wood (that is, from a citron tree) – ‘of citron wood.’ καὶ πᾶν ξύλον θύϊνον καὶ πᾶν σκεῦος ἐλεφάντινον ‘and all kinds of things made of citron wood and all kinds of objects made of ivory’ Re 18:12 . The citron tree belongs to the citrus family of plants, and it produces a pale yellow fruit somewhat larger than a lemon, the rind of which is often candied. In Re 18:12 , however, the focus is upon the fine quality of the wood.”","source_note_position":4,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A12/4"}
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{"id":49114,"verse_id":"REV.18.13","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":13,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"18.13","text":"On the term ἄμωμον ( amwmon ) L&N 5.23 states, “a generic term for any kind of spice, though often a specific reference to amomum, an Indian type of spice – ‘spice, amomum.’ κιννάμωμον καὶ ἄμωμον καὶ θυμιάματα ‘cinnamon and spice and incense’ Re 18:13 . In most translations ἄμωμον is interpreted as spice in general.”","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A13/1"}
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{"id":49115,"verse_id":"REV.18.13","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":13,"note_index":2,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"2","reference":"18.13","text":"Or “myrrh,” a strong aromatic ointment often used to prepare a body for burial (L&N 6.205).","source_note_position":2,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A13/2"}
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{"id":49116,"verse_id":"REV.18.13","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":13,"note_index":3,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"3","reference":"18.13","text":"The Greek term λίβανος ( libano\" ) refers to the aromatic resin of a certain type of tree (L&N 6.212).","source_note_position":3,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A13/3"}
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{"id":49117,"verse_id":"REV.18.13","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":13,"note_index":4,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"4","reference":"18.13","text":"On σεμίδαλις ( semidali\" ) L&N 5.10 states, “a fine grade of wheat flour – ‘fine flour.’ οἶνον καὶ ἔλαιον καὶ σεμίδαλιν καὶ σῖτον ‘wine and oil and fine flour and wheat’ Re 18:13 . In some languages ‘fine flour’ may be best expressed as ‘expensive flour.’ Such a rendering fits well the context of Re 18:13 .”","source_note_position":4,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A13/4"}
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{"id":49118,"verse_id":"REV.18.13","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":13,"note_index":5,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"5","reference":"18.13","text":"Or “and wagons.” On the term ῥέδη ( rJedh ) see L&N 6.53: “a four-wheeled carriage or wagon used for travel or the transportation of loads – ‘carriage, wagon.’ The term ῥέδη occurs only in Re 18:13 in a list of products bought and sold by merchants.”","source_note_position":5,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A13/5"}
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{"id":49119,"verse_id":"REV.18.13","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":13,"note_index":6,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"6","reference":"18.13","text":"Grk “and bodies and souls of men.” This could be understood (1) as a hendiadys (two things mentioned = one thing meant), referring only to slave trade; (2) it could be referring to two somewhat different concepts: slavery (bodies) and the cheapness of human life – some of the items earlier in the list of merchandise were to be obtained only at great cost of human life; or (3) a somewhat related idea, that the trade is in not just physical bodies (slavery) but human souls (people whose lives are destroyed through this trade).","source_note_position":6,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A13/6"}
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{"id":49120,"verse_id":"REV.18.14","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":14,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"18.14","text":"On ὀπώρα ( opwra ) L&N 3.34 states, “ ἡ ὀπώρα σου τῆς ἐπιθυμίας τῆς ψυχῆς ‘the ripe fruit for which you longed’ Re 18:14 . In this one occurrence of ὀπώρα in the NT, ‘ripe fruit’ is to be understood in a figurative sense of ‘good things.’”","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A14/1"}
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{"id":49121,"verse_id":"REV.18.14","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":14,"note_index":2,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"2","reference":"18.14","text":"Grk “you desired in your soul.”","source_note_position":2,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A14/2"}
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{"id":49122,"verse_id":"REV.18.14","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":14,"note_index":3,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"3","reference":"18.14","text":"On λιπαρός ( liparo\" ) BDAG 597 s.v. states, “ luxury Rv 18:14 .”","source_note_position":3,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A14/3"}
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{"id":49123,"verse_id":"REV.18.14","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":14,"note_index":4,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"4","reference":"18.14","text":"On τὰ λαμπρά ( ta lampra ) BDAG 585 s.v. λαμπρός 4 states, “ splendor …in which a rich man takes delight (cp. Jos., Ant. 12, 220 δωρεὰς δοὺς λαμπράς ) Rv 18:14 .”","source_note_position":4,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A14/4"}
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{"id":49124,"verse_id":"REV.18.14","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":14,"note_index":5,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"5","reference":"18.14","text":"Verse 14 is set in parentheses because in it the city, Babylon, is addressed directly in second person. sn This verse forms a parenthetical aside in the narrative.","source_note_position":5,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A14/5"}
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{"id":49125,"verse_id":"REV.18.15","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":15,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"18.15","text":"Grk “the merchants [sellers] of these things.”","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A15/1"}
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{"id":49126,"verse_id":"REV.18.15","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":15,"note_index":2,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"2","reference":"18.15","text":"Grk “her torment, weeping.” Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started in the translation by supplying the words “They will” here.","source_note_position":2,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A15/2"}
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{"id":49127,"verse_id":"REV.18.16","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":16,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"18.16","text":"The word “clothing” is supplied to clarify that the words “purple” and “scarlet” refer to cloth or garments rather than colors.","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A16/1"}
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{"id":49128,"verse_id":"REV.18.16","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":16,"note_index":2,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"2","reference":"18.16","text":"Grk “gilded with gold” (an instance of semantic reinforcement, see L&N 49.29).","source_note_position":2,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A16/2"}
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{"id":49129,"verse_id":"REV.18.17","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":17,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"18.17","text":"On ἠρημώθη ( hrhmwqh ) L&N 20.41 states, “to suffer destruction, with the implication of being deserted and abandoned – ‘to be destroyed, to suffer destruction, to suffer desolation.’ ἐρημόομαι : μιᾷ ὥρᾳ ἠρημώθη ὁ τοσοῦτος πλοῦτος ‘such great wealth has been destroyed within a single hour’ Re 18:17 .”","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A17/1"}
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{"id":49130,"verse_id":"REV.18.17","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":17,"note_index":2,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"2","reference":"18.17","text":"On κυβερνήτης ( kubernhth\" ) BDAG 574 s.v. 1 states, “one who is responsible for the management of a ship, shipmaster, lit. Rv 18:17 .”","source_note_position":2,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A17/2"}
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{"id":49131,"verse_id":"REV.18.17","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":17,"note_index":3,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"3","reference":"18.17","text":"Or perhaps, “everyone who sails as a passenger.” On πλέων ( plewn ) BDAG 825 s.v. πλέω states, “ πᾶς ὁ ἐπὶ τόπον πλέων everyone who sails to a place = seafarer, sea traveler … Rv 18:17 . The vv.ll.…have led to various interpretations. Some render: everyone who sails along the coast …See EbNestle, Einführung in das Griech. NT 1909, 182; AFridrichsen, K. Hum. Vetensk.-Samf. i Upps. Årsb. ’43, 31 note ὁ ἐπίτοπον πλέων =one who sails occasionally, a passenger. – S. also IHeikel, StKr 106, ’34/’35, 317).”","source_note_position":3,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A17/3"}
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{"id":49132,"verse_id":"REV.18.17","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":17,"note_index":4,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"4","reference":"18.17","text":"Grk “and as many as.”","source_note_position":4,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A17/4"}
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{"id":49133,"verse_id":"REV.18.18","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":18,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"18.18","text":"Here the imperfect ἔκραζον ( ekrazon ) has been translated ingressively.","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A18/1"}
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{"id":49134,"verse_id":"REV.18.18","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":18,"note_index":2,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"2","reference":"18.18","text":"Grk “from the burning of her, saying.” For the translation “the smoke from the fire that burned her up,” see L&N 14.63. Here the participle λέγοντες ( legontes , “saying”) has not been translated because it is redundant in contemporary English.","source_note_position":2,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A18/2"}
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{"id":49135,"verse_id":"REV.18.19","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":19,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"18.19","text":"Grk “with weeping and mourning, saying.” Here the participle λέγοντες ( legontes ) has not been translated because it is redundant in contemporary English.","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A19/1"}
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{"id":49136,"verse_id":"REV.18.19","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":19,"note_index":2,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"2","reference":"18.19","text":"On ἡρημώθη ( Jhrhmwqh ) L&N 20.41 states, “to suffer destruction, with the implication of being deserted and abandoned – ‘to be destroyed, to suffer destruction, to suffer desolation.’ ἐρημόομαι : μιᾷ ὥρᾳ ἠρημώθη ὁ τοσοῦτος πλοῦτος ‘such great wealth has been destroyed within a single hour’ Re 18:17 .”","source_note_position":2,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A19/2"}
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{"id":49137,"verse_id":"REV.18.20","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":20,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"18.20","text":"On the phrase “pronounced judgment” BDAG 567 s.v. κρίμα 4.b states, “The OT is the source of the expr. κρίνειν τὸ κρ . (cp. Zech 7:9; 8:16 ; Ezk 44:24) ἔκρινεν ὁ θεὸς τὸ κρίμα ὑμῶν ἐξ αὐτῆς God has pronounced judgment for you against her or God has pronounced on her the judgment she wished to impose on you (HHoltzmann, Hdb. 1893 ad loc.) Rv 18:20 .”","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A20/1"}
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{"id":49138,"verse_id":"REV.18.20","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":20,"note_index":2,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"2","reference":"18.20","text":"Grk “God has judged a judgment of you of her.” Verse 20 is set in parentheses because in it the saints, etc. are addressed directly in the second person. sn This verse forms a parenthetical aside in the narrative.","source_note_position":2,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A20/2"}
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{"id":49139,"verse_id":"REV.18.21","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":21,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"18.21","text":"Here καί ( kai ) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A21/1"}
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{"id":49140,"verse_id":"REV.18.21","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":21,"note_index":2,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"2","reference":"18.21","text":"On ὅρμημα ( {ormhma ) BDAG 724 s.v. states, “ violent rush, onset ὁρμήματι βληθήσεται Βαβυλών Babylon will be thrown down with violence Rv 18:21 .” L&N 68.82 refers to the suddenness of the force or violence.","source_note_position":2,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A21/2"}
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{"id":49141,"verse_id":"REV.18.22","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":22,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"18.22","text":"The shift to a second person pronoun here corresponds to the Greek text.","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A22/1"}
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{"id":49142,"verse_id":"REV.18.22","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":22,"note_index":2,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"2","reference":"18.22","text":"Here καί ( kai ) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.","source_note_position":2,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A22/2"}
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{"id":49143,"verse_id":"REV.18.22","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":22,"note_index":3,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"3","reference":"18.22","text":"On this term BDAG 1001 s.v. τεχνίτης states, “ craftsperson, artisan, designer …Of a silversmith Ac 19:24, 25 v.l., 38….Of a potter 2 Cl 8:2 (metaph., cp. Ath. 15:2 ). πᾶς τεχνίτης πάσης τέχνης Rv 18:22 .”","source_note_position":3,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A22/3"}
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{"id":49144,"verse_id":"REV.18.22","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":22,"note_index":4,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"4","reference":"18.22","text":"This is a different Greek word ( μύλος , mulos ) from the one for the millstone in v. 21 ( μύλινος , mulinos ). See L&N 7.68.","source_note_position":4,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A22/4"}
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{"id":49145,"verse_id":"REV.18.23","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":23,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"18.23","text":"Or “all the Gentiles” (the same Greek word may be translated “Gentiles” or “nations”).","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A23/1"}
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{"id":49146,"verse_id":"REV.18.23","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":23,"note_index":2,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"2","reference":"18.23","text":"On the term φαρμακεία ( farmakeia , “magic spells”) see L&N 53.100: “the use of magic, often involving drugs and the casting of spells upon people – ‘to practice magic, to cast spells upon, to engage in sorcery, magic, sorcery.’ φαρμακεία : ἐν τῇ φαρμακείᾳ σου ἐπλανήθησαν πάντα τὰ ἔθνη ‘with your magic spells you deceived all the peoples (of the world)’ Re 18:23 .”","source_note_position":2,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A23/2"}
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{"id":49147,"verse_id":"REV.18.24","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":24,"note_index":1,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"1","reference":"18.24","text":"Here καί ( kai ) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.","source_note_position":1,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A24/1"}
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{"id":49148,"verse_id":"REV.18.24","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":24,"note_index":2,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"2","reference":"18.24","text":"The shift in pronouns from second to third person corresponds to the Greek text.","source_note_position":2,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A24/2"}
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{"id":49149,"verse_id":"REV.18.24","translation_id":"net-engnet","book_id":"REV","chapter":18,"verse":24,"note_index":3,"note_type":"translator_note","label":"NET translator note","caller":"3","reference":"18.24","text":"Grk “and of all.” The phrase “along with the blood” has been repeated from the previous clause for stylistic reasons.","source_note_position":3,"source_url":"https://netbible.org/resource/netNote/Revelation%2018%3A24/3"}
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